Friday 16 August 2019

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Huntington's disease triggered by genetic instability in brain cells, study finds

Huntington's disease is triggered by genetic instability of a particular DNA sequence in brain cells, according to a new study of the lethal neurodegenerative disorder.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-huntington-disease-triggered-genetic-instability.html

Officials: More kids in Mass. ingesting marijuana products

Massachusetts health care officials say there has been an increase in calls to the state's poison control center about toddlers ingesting marijuana products.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-kids-mass-ingesting-marijuana-products.html

Japan under pressure over past hunting of endangered whales

Japan insisted Friday it no longer hunts endangered sei whales in international waters, but faced accusations of still violating a wildlife treaty by allowing commercialisation of meat from past catches.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-japan-pressure-endangered-whales.html

Colorado OKs electric car requirement to fight air pollution

Colorado tightened its air quality regulations on Friday, requiring that at least 5% of the vehicles sold in the state by 2023 emit zero pollution.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-colorado-oks-electric-car-requirement.html

NASA picks Alabama's 'Rocket City' for lunar lander job

NASA picked Alabama's "Rocket City" on Friday to lead development of the next moon lander for astronauts.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-nasa-alabama-rocket-city-lunar.html

Study reveals how stress can curb the desire to eat in an animal model

Eating disorder researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) have discovered a neurocircuit in mice that, when activated, increased their stress levels while decreasing their desire to eat. Findings appear in Nature Communications.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-reveals-stress-curb-desire-animal.html

Humans migrated to Mongolia much earlier than previously believed

Stone tools uncovered in Mongolia by an international team of archaeologists indicate that modern humans traveled across the Eurasian steppe about 45,000 years ago, according to a new University of California, Davis, study. The date is about 10,000 years earlier than archaeologists previously believed.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-humans-migrated-mongolia-earlier-previously.html

From the tiny testes of flies, new insight into how genes arise

In the battle of the sexes, males appear to have the innovative edge—from a genetic standpoint, at least. Scientists are finding that the testes are more than mere factories for sperm; these organs also serve as hotspots for the emergence of new genes, the raw material for the evolution of species.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-tiny-flies-insight-genes.html

A novel cellular process to engulf nano-sized materials

Nanometers are one billionth of a meter, a metric typically used to measure molecules and scientific building blocks not visible to the human eye. Materials of tens and/or several hundred nanometers in diameter have unique properties, and thus have been widely used in diagnosing and treating various human diseases. One major challenge to use these nano-sized materials is how to deliver them into cells and reach their sites of action.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-cellular-engulf-nano-sized-materials.html

Unraveling the stripe order mystery

One of the greatest mysteries in condensed matter physics is the exact relationship between charge order and superconductivity in cuprate superconductors. In superconductors, electrons move freely through the material—there is zero resistance when it's cooled below its critical temperature. However, the cuprates simultaneously exhibit superconductivity and charge order in patterns of alternating stripes. This is paradoxical in that charge order describes areas of confined electrons. How can superconductivity and charge order coexist?

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-unraveling-stripe-mystery.html

Researchers refine guidelines for pediatric brain injuries

When a child suffers a head trauma, medical professionals are in high gear to prevent further damage to a developing brain. Measuring and regulating the child's level of carbon dioxide is critical to ensuring the brain is getting enough blood oxygen to prevent a secondary brain injury. High carbon dioxide can increase intracranial pressure, while a low level is associated with poor brain circulation.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-refine-guidelines-pediatric-brain-injuries.html

Wearable sensors detect what's in your sweat

Needle pricks not your thing? A team of scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, is developing wearable skin sensors that can detect what's in your sweat.

source https://techxplore.com/news/2019-08-wearable-sensors.html

Children with mild asthma can use inhalers as needed

A new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis supports evidence that children with mild asthma can effectively manage the condition by using their two inhalers—one a steroid and the other a bronchodilator—when symptoms occur. This is in contrast to the traditional method of using the steroid daily, regardless of symptoms, and the bronchodilator when symptoms occur. The as-needed use of both inhalers is just as effective for mild asthma as the traditional protocol, according to the investigators.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-children-mild-asthma-inhalers.html

Guidelines for managing severe traumatic brain injury continue to evolve

New evidence continues to drive the evolution of guideline recommendations for the medical management of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). A comprehensive look at how the four editions of the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines for managing severe TBI have become a global standard for treating patients and key challenges and goals for the future are featured in an article published in Journal of Neurotrauma.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-guidelines-severe-traumatic-brain-injury.html

Video: What exactly happened at Chernobyl?

On April 26, 1986, the Soviet Union's Chernobyl Power Complex nuclear reactor 4 exploded.

source https://phys.org/news/2019-08-video-chernobyl.html

Researcher discovers gene mutation that contributes to addiction

In the field of addiction research, one question looms large: Why do some people face a higher risk than others for alcoholism and drug abuse? A researcher at the OU College of Medicine, William R. Lovallo, Ph.D., recently published one of the field's few studies focused on how a person's genes contribute to addiction. Lovallo's research showed that a tiny genetic mutation can put people at higher risk for alcohol or drug addiction. His research was published in the world's leading journal on alcoholism, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-gene-mutation-contributes-addiction.html

Using Wall Street secrets to reduce the cost of cloud infrastructure

Stock market investors often rely on financial risk theories that help them maximize returns while minimizing financial loss due to market fluctuations. These theories help investors maintain a balanced portfolio to ensure they'll never lose more money than they're willing to part with at any given time.

source https://techxplore.com/news/2019-08-wall-street-secrets-cloud-infrastructure.html

Researcher decodes the brain to help patients with mental illnesses

Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the United States experience mental illness in a given year. Severe mental illnesses cause the brain to have trouble dealing with cognitively effortful states, like focusing attention over long periods of time, discriminating between two things that are difficult to tell apart, and responding quickly to information that is coming in fast.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-decodes-brain-patients-mental-illnesses.html

Does the judicial system give justice to assaulted EMS first responders?

Violence toward first responders is widespread and can face a felony charge in Pennsylvania, yet new research shows that victims often feel they do not receive legal justice. Now a study of victim cases and interviews with district attorneys in Philadelphia offers three solutions to help educate first responders and legal professionals to participate constructively in the legal system intended to prevent incidents from occurring and deliver justice. The findings, from researchers at the Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University, are published today in the American Journal of Industrial Medicine.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-judicial-justice-assaulted-ems.html

Researchers show how probiotics benefit vaginal health

Researchers have shown that three genes from a probiotic Lactobacillus species, used in some commercial probiotic vaginal capsules, are almost certainly involved in mediating adhesion to the vaginal epithelium. This is likely critical to how this species benefits vaginal health.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-probiotics-benefit-vaginal-health.html

Unmet family expectations linked to increased mortality among older Chinese Americans

Filial piety—the traditional value of caring for one's elders—is foundational to the Chinese concept of family and greatly influences intergenerational relationships. When older Chinese adults' expectations of care exceed receipt, however, it can lead to increased mortality risks, according to a new Rutgers study.

source https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-unmet-family-linked-mortality-older.html